Among other things, the convention defined the basic shapes of road signs, e.g., danger signs were defined as equilateral triangles with the top facing upwards, mandatory signs as circles, and notice signs as rectangles. Therefore, the first International Convention on Motor Traffic was held in Paris in 1909, and it addressed problems related to the construction of motor vehicles, international traffic, road signs, and lighting. Furthermore, the effects are improved when several preventive measures are combined.
There are many ways to influence road users and human behavior, such as safe driving training, public campaigns, and additional education in schools, i.e., road safety education. This kind of approach is aimed at taking actions that improve the roads and their environments, vehicle safety systems, law enforcement, and the behavior of road users. and focus on a more holistic approach for resolving the problem. Accordingly, current road safety strategies (such as the Safe System Approach) clearly differentiate factors that cause road crashes-human, environmental, vehicle-related, etc. Roadway characteristics, as well as the vehicles themselves, can provoke human error and thus be primary causes of crashes. Given the propensity for error, humans have long been considered a major perpetrator of road crashes, although external factors typically contribute to human error. In general, the state of road safety is considered to be the result of the interaction between three main factors: human, vehicle, and road. Road safety is still one of the major issues worldwide, given that annually approximately 1.3 million people die in road crashes, with an additional 20 to 50 million people injured.
In addition, practical issues and future trends and directions regarding road markings and signs are discussed.
The aim of this entry is to briefly present the main functions and characteristics of road markings and signs, and their role in road safety. In general, road markings and signs represent basic means of communication between the road authorities and road users and, as such, provide road users with necessary information about the rules, warnings, obligations, and other information related to the upcoming situations and road alignment. Traffic control devices are an important part of road infrastructure, among which road markings and road signs play a significant role. Therefore, contemporary road safety strategies incorporate a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approaches to address this problem and improve the safety of each individual element, i.e., the human, vehicle, and road. Due to the dynamic nature and complexity of road traffic, road safety is one of the most demanding social challenges.
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